Philology: Journal of English Language and Literature grants authorship to individuals who make substantial intellectual contributions to the planning, implementation, evaluation, and preparation of research articles that align with the journal’s scope and focus. Authorship must accurately reflect each individual’s actual contributions and their responsibility for the content of the published article.

All individuals listed as authors must meet the authorship criteria established by the journal. Conversely, individuals who meet these criteria must not be excluded from the author list without justifiable reasons.

An individual may be listed as an author of an article submitted to Philology: Journal of English Language and Literature if they meet all of the following criteria:

• Substantial Contribution to the Research: Make a meaningful contribution to the conception or design of the research, scholarly development, implementation, data collection, evaluation, analysis, or interpretation of research findings in the fields of Literature, Linguistics, Translation, or Teaching English as a Foreign Language (TEFL).
• Involvement in Manuscript Preparation: Participate in drafting the manuscript or critically reviewing and revising its substantive intellectual content, including the methodology, results, discussion, and conclusions.
• Approval of the Final Manuscript: Read, review, and approve the final version of the manuscript to be submitted for publication.
• Responsibility and Accountability: Agree to be accountable for their contributions to the article, help ensure the integrity and accuracy of its content, and cooperate in addressing any questions or concerns regarding the accuracy, validity, and publication ethics of the work.

All four criteria must be met by every author. Individuals who make substantial contributions during the early stages of the research should be given the opportunity to participate in drafting or revising the manuscript so that they have the opportunity to meet all authorship criteria.

Author Order and Corresponding Author

The order of authors must be determined by mutual agreement, based on the extent of each individual's scholarly and intellectual contributions to the research and manuscript preparation. Author order must not be determined solely by position, seniority, academic status, or institutional rank.

The first author is generally the individual who makes the primary contribution to the research and manuscript preparation, as agreed upon by all authors. The corresponding author is responsible for communicating with the journal's editors and editorial staff, ensuring the completeness of submission documents, keeping all co-authors informed, and coordinating responses throughout the editorial process.

The corresponding author must ensure that all authors have agreed to the authorship order, manuscript content, and submission of the article to Philology: Journal of English Language and Literature.

Author Contributions Statement

Every manuscript submitted to Philology: Journal of English Language and Literature must include an Author Contributions Statement specifying the contribution of each author. The statement must accurately reflect the contributions actually made during the planning, implementation, and evaluation of the research, as well as manuscript preparation.

Authors may use roles from the Contributor Roles Taxonomy (CRediT), provided that these roles accurately represent their actual contributions. Relevant roles may include conceptualization, methodology, investigation, data curation, formal analysis, visualization, writing – original draft, writing – review and editing, and supervision.

Example of an Author Contributions Statement

• First Author: Contributed to research conceptualization, methodology development, literature or linguistic data collection, analysis of findings, and preparation of the original manuscript draft.
• Second Author: Contributed to the formal analysis of texts, curation of translation or TEFL data, interpretation of findings, and substantive revision of the manuscript.
• Third Author: Contributed to research supervision, validation of findings, critical review, and manuscript revision.
• All Authors: Read and approved the final version of the manuscript and agree to be accountable for the integrity of their respective contributions.